This option is preferable to Option C because it allows time for the calves to maximize immunity in response to the booster vaccinations they received 3 to 4 weeks before weaning. This guide describes three calf vaccination approaches that have been successfully implemented in cow-calf operations in New Mexico. Individual herds may require additional vaccines and/or variations in the vaccination schedule. Incomplete vaccination programs, such as those omitting a needed booster vaccination, have led to BVD outbreaks in some herds. Prostaglandin in many breeding systems. Immunity is usually not as strong or long-lasting as MLV products. 4 Months: 7way blackleg, IBR, BVD, BRSV, PI3, (modified live vaccine MLV). Typically stimulate more rapid, stronger, and longer-lasting immunity than killed vaccines. At 10 months pregnant: Strangles, encephalitis, rhino, flu, west nile, tetanus, worm. Recommended Vaccinations for Large Animals. More likely to cause allergic reactions and post-vaccination lumps. Killed vaccines (KVs) and toxoids contain organisms or subunits of organisms that do not replicate or reproduce themselves in the animal following administration.
Mannheimia/Pasteurella (only if using intranasal MLV). An intranasal vaccination for the viral agents may be used if shipping will be delayed, and the calves can be intranasally booster vaccinated 24 hours before shipping. Option C. Using Option C, calves are processed at weaning. Toxoid for coliform mastitis. Vaccination schedule for cattle pdf forms. WEANING: Let calves sit overnight before processing; this gives time for their cortisol levels to drop before vaccination, enabling a better immune response.
If using natural service, vibryo given 2 weeks prior to breeding. Leptospirosis (5 varieties). New Mexico State University is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and educator. Vaccinations given at 2 to 3 months of age produce initial immunity. Vaccination schedule for cattle pdf version. Keep needles and syringes clean to avoid infections at the site of injection. 5way lepto, usually combined. Biosecurity should be a priority in your management decisions. Injection site reactions can cause damage to valuable beef product, and this muscle damage costs the beef industry millions of dollars a year from lost product and lower calf prices. DO NOT use disinfectants to clean needles and syringes used to administer vaccines, especially MLVs. Most vaccines contain either modified live, killed, or chemically altered organisms.
Importance of Nutrition. Chemically Altered Vaccines. Calves should be vaccinated for blackleg by 3 to 4 months of age when the temporary immunity from the dam has declined and the calf's immune system can respond to the vaccine. These terms are most often used for leptospirosis or clostridial disease vaccines, which contain several subtypes of the Leptospira or Clostridium organisms.
Pasteurella multocida. CAUTION: Some MLV's are not recommended to give to calves that are nursing cows. Additional vaccinations required to help prevent pneumonia caused by Mannheimia/Pasteurella will be needed, especially during the weaning period. Vaccination against Brucella abortus for heifers between approximately 4 and 10 months old (the exact age for official calfhood vaccination is state specific). Leptospirosis vaccine is often combined with vibriosis vaccine. Minimal risk of causing abortion. Calfhood vaccination must be administered by a federally accredited veterinarian (most large animal veterinarians are federally accredited). MLVs are also safe to use in weaned calves, including replacement heifers. The label directions will indicate when and if a booster vaccination is required. Vaccination schedule for cattle pdf 2017. Deworm – use a dewormer with no milk withdrawal.
Rhino is optional at 14 months, then annually. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Mannheimia/Pasteurella. Vaccine trade names can be confusing; however, the label will always specify which diseases and microorganisms the vaccine provides protection against. See Calfhood vaccination. West nile vaccine can be given at any time, with a booster in 4 weeks. Days 1-7: - Intranasal IBR/PI3. KVs are safe to use in any animal, including pregnant cows (table 2). If a vaccine is used correctly, whether it is modified live, killed, or chemically altered, it will increase an animal's resistance to disease, but each type of vaccine does have its limitations as well.
Vaccines cannot prevent exposure to infectious organisms, but they do increase an animal's ability to fight off an infection or lessen the severity of the disease if it occurs. Vaccination of the pregnant dam raises the level of antibodies to rotavirus in her colostrum, the first milk she produces which is suckled by the calf after it is born. Follow label instructions as closely as possible to facilitate development of maximum immunity in response to vaccination. The glossary of conditions and terms at the end of this publication lists both routine and not-so-routine infectious diseases and vaccines for them. PI3 (Parainfluenza-3 virus). Although vaccines will not cause the disease they are supposed to protect against, some animals may have a fever temporarily after vaccination. An effective vaccination protocol can be developed to fit most operation and management approaches. Option A describes the most effective protocol for developing immunity, but it may not be compatible with all ranch management systems.
Currently, the most commonly used clostridial vaccination in cattle is the 7-way type, which protects against Clostridium chauveoi (blackleg), Clostridium septicum, Clostridium sordelli (malignant edema), Clostridium novyi (black disease), and three types of Clostridium perfringens (enterotoxemia). However, producers should consult with their local veterinarian to design a vaccination program that fits their particular operation. Available for many diseases. Four quarts of colostrum within six hours of birth – two quarts at birth, followed four hours later with two quarts works well (reduces the number of calves which must be tubed). Many vaccines will not provide a high degree of protection if an overwhelming level of exposure occurs. Remember, these guidelines are just a starting point for developing an effective vaccination protocol with your herd-health veterinarian and/or Extension agent. Weaned calves perform better throughout the feeding process, and weaned, immunized calves perform the best.
7-way clostridial (blackleg). For young animals being vaccinated for the first time, a second, or booster, vaccination is often required a few weeks after the first, or primary, vaccination. Some scours vaccines given to pregnant females will contain rotavirus. Method of Injection. NOTE: Springer and Close-up Heifer vaccinations may need to be spread out over more time, especially in hot weather. Leptospirosis 5-way. A bacterial disease caused by Campylobacter fetus subspecies venerealis, resulting in failure of early pregnancy and an extended breeding season as females come back into heat. Calves: - 2-4 Months: Dehorn, Castrate bull calves. No on-farm mixing required. Modified live vaccines (MLV) contain a small amount of virus or bacteria that has been altered so that it does not cause clinical disease when used according to product label directions. A protozoal disease caused by Tritrichomonas foetus and transmitted during breeding, resulting in failure of early pregnancy, an extended breeding season as females come back into heat, and abortion. Although this method has been advocated as a method of reducing the number of injections, it could inactivate the vaccine because of incompatibilities with the other compounds.
No more than 2 gram negative vaccines at one time. Advantages||Disadvantages|. Four to Five Months: - IBR, PI3, BVD-MLV. Calfhood vaccination against Brucella abortus is not mandatory in most states.
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