The lateral borders of the ependymal cells are relatively straight and form junctions with adjacent cells. View an EM slide of an axon hillock. In addition to these general functions, astrocytes also act in more specialized ways to facilitate neuron function. Which of the following cell types is responsible for the maintenance of pH of the extracellular space of the CNS? Energy producing metabolism and the synthesis of the macromolecules used by the cell to maintain its structure and execute its function are the principal activities of the neuronal soma. This region is analogous to the initial segment of the model neuron, discussed above. Chapter 16 - The Neurological Exam. However, this distinction does not hold for ALL neurons. Chapter 3 - The Cellular Level of Organization - Anatomy & Physiology OER - LibGuides at Georgia Highlands College. A cutaneous membrane is a multi-layered membrane composed of epithelial and connective tissues. Chapter 3 Transcript. Link to a website showing a tissue sample of pancreatic cells which produce enzymes for exocytosis. Are less electrically excitable than neurons.
Ependymal cells line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. During this developmental process, early, undifferentiated cells differentiate and become specialized in their structure and function. Chapter 3 cells and tissues answer key figures. 5 Initial Segment and Axon Hillock. Chapter 11 - The Muscular System. Identify the four types of tissue in the body, and describe the major functions of each tissue. As in other cells, the principal component of the nucleus is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the substance of the chromosomes and genes. In gray matter, oligodendroglia are usually located near neurons and, therefore, are known as perineuronal satellite cells.
An automobile uses gasoline at a rate of 35 migal which is the same as kmL 1 km. Nucleus of the neuron is large and round and is usually centrally located. This type of membrane can be found lining portions of the digestive, respiratory, excretory, and reproductive tracts. This preview shows page 1 - 5 out of 15 pages. Additional Resources. Most somatic stem cells give rise to only a few cell types. Last Updated: Dec 19, 2022 11:50 AM. Chapter 3 cells and tissues answer key page 36. Postsynaptic density is darkly staining material of postsynaptic cell adjacent to the synapse. The general appearance of microglia is similar to oligodendrocytes, although they are smaller and have undulating processes with spine-like projections.
Golgi apparatus is a collection of stacked, smooth-surfaced membrane bound organelles where proteins and lipids made in the endoplasmic reticulum are modified and sorted. In many cases, this region is the anatomical location for the initiation of the action potential. In Nissl stains, the fibrous astrocytes have a nucleus essentially the same as that of the protoplasmic type with a flecked appearance. Protein synthesis PowerPoint slideshow with close-captioned recorded lecture. Cells and tissues worksheet answers. Interactive Link Questions. The concept of a cell started with microscopic observations of dead cork tissue by scientist Robert Hooke in 1665.
Plasmalemma of the neuron appears in the electron microscope as a typical bi-layered cellular membrane, approximately 10 nm thick. Chapter 25 - The Urinary System. More recently, cells have been named for their function or the neurotransmitter they contain (e. g., CNS norepinephrine cell groups covered in Chapter 12). During injury, the astrocytes proliferate and phagocytize dead cells. Histology is the the field of study that involves the microscopic examination of tissue appearance, organization, and function.
According to the classical definition of synapse, when a nerve ending synapses on a dendrite or soma of a second neuron it is termed either an axodendritic or an axosomatic synapse, respectively (Chapter 7). The neurofilaments in the axon hillock become clustered together as fascicles. Neither the position of the cell body nor the presence or absence of myelin is always a useful criterion for understanding the orientation of the neuron. Do not form synapses, - have essentially only one type of process, - retain the ability to divide, and. 104. blackberry stands that conflict with grazing are not attractive to nesting. Cell body characteristics, including size, shape, location, branching pattern, and density of processes, are also used. Synovial membranes are a type of connective tissue membrane that supports mobility in joints. Link to chapter three in the OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e book. List the morphological and physiological characteristics of some representative cell types in the human body. The region between the axon hillock and the beginning of the myelin sheath is known as the initial segment. The nucleus of a protoplasmic astrocyte is ellipsoid or bean-shaped with characteristic flecks of chromatin. Describe this transition, discussing the steps and processes that lead to these specialized cells.
The MAPS regulate the polymerization of tubulin subunits to form the microtubules. The other type of process in the idealized neuron is the axon. The major distinguishing feature of fibrous astrocytes, as the name suggests, is an abundance of glial fibrils arranged in parallel arrays in the cytoplasm and extending into the processes. Protoplasmic astrocytes are found primarily in gray matter. The rough ER, in laminae with interspersed ribosomes, is visible with the light microscope as Nissl substance. The skin is an example of a cutaneous membrane. Offices & Departments.
Describe the embryonic origin of tissue. Microfilaments are 7 nm in diameter filaments arranged as a paired helix of two strands of globular actin. The membrane of the neuron functions as a receptive surface over its entire extent; however, specific inputs (termed afferents) from other cells are received primarily on the surface of the cell body and on the surface of the specialized processes known as dendrites. E. Macrophages This answer is INCORRECT. The lamellae of myelin membranes result from the spiral wrapping of the axon by cytoplasmic processes of interfascicular oligodendroglia. Chapter 13 - Anatomy of the Nervous System. These categories are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Pancreatic Cells' Enzyme Products. Classically, the axon has been identified as the myelinated or unmyelinated process that transmits signals away from the cell body.
Receptors, ion channels, and other signaling molecules are likely bound to this material. Academic Success Center. The zygote divides into many cells. C. Fibrous astrocytes. In addition, several metal stains are used show the shape of the cell and cytoplasmic architecture. Neuroglia are divided into two major categories based on size, the macroglia and the microglia.
View a light-microscopic slide of an axon hillock of a sensory neuron. PDF transcript of the chapter three recorded lecture. Chapter 12 - The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue. The underlying connective tissue, called the lamina propria (literally "own layer"), helps support the epithelial layer. Epithelial membranes are composed of both epithelial tissue and connective tissue. The synaptic cleft is the gap between the membrane of the pre- and postsynaptic cell. Consider the difference between a structural cell in the skin and a nerve cell. Connective tissue binds the various parts of the body together, providing support and protection. View the shape of a Purkinje cell stained to show its features. Check Admissions Status. The Four Primary Tissue Types. Epithelial tissues act as coverings, controlling the movement of materials across their surface.
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